Breech Position and Breech Birth

References

Citations

1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2000, reaffirmed 2005). External cephalic version. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 13. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

2. Cruikshank DP (2003). Breech, other malpresentations, and umbilical cord complications. In JR Scott et al., eds., Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology, 9th ed., pp. 381–395. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

3. Cunningham FG, et al. (2005). Breech presentation and delivery. In Williams Obstetrics, 22nd ed., pp. 565-586. New York: McGraw-Hill.

4. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2006). Mode of term singleton breech delivery. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 340. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

5. Hofmeyr GJ, Kulier R (1996). External cephalic version for breech presentation at term. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1). Oxford: Update Software.

6. Hofmeyr GJ, Kulier R (2000). Cephalic version by postural management for breech presentation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3). Oxford: Update Software.

7. Su M, et al. (2003). Factors associated with adverse perinatal outcome in the Term Breech Trial. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 189: 740–745.

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Author:	Bets Davis, MFA	Last Updated: April 28, 2008
Medical Review:	Joy Melnikow, MD, MPH - Family Medicine William Gilbert, MD - Perinatology
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