Hip Fracture

References

Citations

1. National Osteoporosis Foundation. Prevention: Calcium and Vitamin D. Available online: http://www.nof.org/prevention/calcium.htm.

2. Feskanich D, et al. (2002). Walking and leisure-time activity and risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. JAMA, 288(18): 2300–2306.

3. Van Meurs JBJ, et al. (2004). Homocysteine levels and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(20): 2033–2041.

4. McLean RR, et al. (2004). Homocysteine as a predictive factor for hip fracture in older persons. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(20): 2042–2049.

5. Smith WR, et al. (2006). Musculoskeletal trauma surgery. In HB Skinner, ed., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics, 4th ed., pp. 81–162. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill.

6. Orosz GM, et al. (2004). Association of timing of surgery for hip fracture and patient outcomes. JAMA, 291(14): 1738–1743.

7. Howell JR, et al. (2004). Minimally invasive hip replacement: Rationale, applied anatomy, and instrumentation. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 35(2): 107–118.

8. Goldstein WM, Branson JJ (2004). Posterior-lateral approach to minimal incision total hip arthroplasty. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 35(2): 131–136.

9. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (2004). Minimally Invasive Hip Replacement. Available online: http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=471&topcategory=Hip.

10. Bhandari M, et al. (2003). Internal fixation compared with arthroplasty for displaced fractures of the femoral neck. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 85-A(9):1673–1681.

11. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and American Academy of Pediatrics (2005). Fracture of the proximal femur. In LY Griffin, ed., Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, 3rd ed., pp. 423–427. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

12. Binder EF, et al. (2004). Effects of extended outpatient rehabilitation after hip fracture: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 492(7): 837–846.

13. National Institutes of Health, Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center (2006). Osteoporosis overview. Available online: http://www.niams.nih.gov/bone/hi/overview.htm.

14. Porthouse J, et al. (2005). Randomised controlled trial of calcium and supplementation with cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃) for prevention of fractures in primary care. BMJ, 330(7498): 1003.

15. Grant AM, et al. (2005). Oral vitamin D3 and calcium for secondary prevention of low-trauma fractures in elderly people (randomised evaluation of calcium or vitamin D, RECORD): A randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 365(9471): 1621–1628.

16. Ettinger MP (2003). Aging bone and osteoporosis: Strategies for preventing fractures in the elderly. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(18): 2237–2246.

17. Parker MJ, et al. (2006). Effectiveness of hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in elderly people: Systematic review. BMJ, 332(7541): 571–574.

Other Works Consulted

• Fiechtner JJ (2003). Hip fracture prevention. Postgraduate Medicine, 114(3): 22–32.

• Handoll H, Parker M (2006). Hip fracture, search date December 2005. Online version of Clinical Evidence (14): 1–29.

• Mercier LR (2000). Fractures of the hip. In Practical Orthopedics, 5th ed., pp. 172–176. St. Louis: Mosby.

• Morris AH, Zuckerman JD (2002). National consensus conference on improving the continuum of care for patients with hip fracture. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 84-A(4): 670–674.

• Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. NIH Consensus Development Conference Statement, vol. 17, no. 1 (2000 March 27–29).

• Rudman N, McIlmail D (2000). Emergency department evaluation and treatment of hip and thigh injuries. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 18(1): 29–66.

• Youm T, et al. (1999). Do all hip fractures result from a fall? American Journal of Orthopedics, 28(3): 190–194.

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Author:	Shannon Erstad, MBA/MPH	Last Updated: July 9, 2007
Medical Review:	William M. Green, MD - Emergency Medicine Kenneth J. Koval, MD - Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Trauma
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