Should I plan to have an episiotomy?
References
Citations
Cunningham FG, et al. (2005). Normal labor and delivery. In Williams Obstetrics, 22nd ed., pp. 435–438. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Viswanathan M, et al. (2005). The Use of Episiotomy in Obstetrical Care: A Systematic Review. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 112 (AHRQ Publication No. 05-E009-1). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Robinson JN, et al. (2000). Predictors of episiotomy use at first spontaneous vaginal delivery. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 96(2): 214–218.
Hartmann K, et al. (2005). Outcomes of routine episiotomy: A systematic review. JAMA, 293(17): 2141–2148.
Beckmann MM, Garrett AJ (2007). Antenatal perineal massage for reducing perineal trauma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1).
Other Works Consulted
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2006). Episiotomy. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 71. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 107(4): 957–962.
Kettle C (2006). Perineal care, search date April 2006. Online version of Clinical Evidence (15).
| Author: | Shannon Erstad, MBA/MPH | Last Updated: November 30, 2006 |
| Medical Review: | Renée M. Crichlow, MD - Family Medicine Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology | |
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