Should I have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test to screen for prostate cancer?

References

Citations

  1. Eastham JA, Scardino PT (2002). Radical prostatectomy. In PC Walsh et al., eds., Campbell's Urology, 8th ed., vol. 4, pp. 3080–3106. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

  2. Frankel S, et al. (2003). Screening for prostate cancer. Lancet, 361(9363): 1122–1128.

  3. American Cancer Society (2006). Cancer Facts and Figures 2006, pp. 1–56. Atlanta: American Cancer Society. Available online: http://www.cancer.org/docroot/STT/stt_0.asp.

  4. Bill–Axelson A, et al. (2005). Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(19): 1977–1984.

  5. Aus G, et al. (2005). Individualized screening interval for prostate cancer based on prostate-specific antigen level. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(16): 1857–1861.

  6. Thompson IM, et al. (2004). Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate-specific antigen level less than or equal to 4.0 ng per milliliter. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(22): 2239–2246.

  7. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2003). Screening for prostate cancer: Recommendations and rationale. American Family Physician, 67(4): 787–792.


Author: Bets Davis, MFALast Updated: July 24, 2006
Medical Review: E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine
Christopher G. Wood, MD, FACS - Urology/Oncology

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